Surveying is the process of determine the location of a point on the earth’s surface, relative to other points with the help of measured horizontal distance, vertical distance, direction and angles among those points. Surveying is done to prepare a map to locate the needed point using the known or calculated survey data.
Surveying is two types.
1 Plane surveying
If the Earth's curvature to consider is not so such a survey plane survey says. A line obtained by connecting any two points of earth’s surface is considered as straight line and angles obtained within those lines are considered as plane angles. In construction field plane surveying is the first step on most of the projects. Surveying experts noted that plane surveying is more accurate when the area is small. Basic plane geometry and trigonometry are necessary to carry out plane surveying calculations. In plane surveying linear measurement and angular measurement are the two important components.
2 Geodetic surveying
If the Earth's curvature to consider is if such a survey the Geodetic survey. Geodetic survey is done for large areas and lengthy lines. Hence, the lines connecting any two points are considered as arch. Special instruments and knowledge of spherical trigonometry is essential for the accuracy of geodetic surveying. As the earth is irregular in shape. Accurate positions are needed for wide range of purposes where accurate mapping is necessary. At this stage geodetic survey helps to fulfill the need. Triangulation and accurate traverse are the methods used in geodetic surveying.
Notes : If the Survey Site in the Area of 250 sq km or less, then Plane Surveying used can be.
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